Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Peso Corporal/efeitos dos fármacos , Peptídeos Semelhantes ao Glucagon/administração & dosagem , Peptídeos Semelhantes ao Glucagon/agonistas , Sobrepeso/tratamento farmacológico , Liraglutida/administração & dosagem , Hipoglicemiantes/administração & dosagem , Obesidade/tratamento farmacológico , Pacientes Desistentes do Tratamento/estatística & dados numéricos , Placebos/administração & dosagem , Estados Unidos , Esquema de Medicação , Redução de Peso , Ensaios Clínicos Controlados Aleatórios como Assunto , Estudos Multicêntricos como Assunto , Resultado do Tratamento , Ensaios Clínicos Fase III como Assunto , Diabetes Mellitus , Peptídeos Semelhantes ao Glucagon/efeitos adversos , Sobrepeso/terapia , Liraglutida/efeitos adversos , Hipoglicemiantes/efeitos adversos , Injeções Subcutâneas , Obesidade/terapiaRESUMO
Obesity is an important risk factor of type 2 diabetes (T2D), which has become an important factor threatening human health. However, no perfect drug choice for obesity exists. Semaglutide is a kind of human glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analog that promotes insulin secretion while inhibiting glucagon secretion through a glucose concentration-dependent mechanism. GLP-1 can also delay stomach emptying and suppress appetite to help lose weight. This review summarizes clinical evidence of the semaglutide effect on T2D and obesity and establishes expectations on future clinical trials for obesity treatment.
Assuntos
Humanos , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/tratamento farmacológico , Receptor do Peptídeo Semelhante ao Glucagon 1/uso terapêutico , Peptídeos Semelhantes ao Glucagon , Hipoglicemiantes/uso terapêutico , Motivação , Obesidade/tratamento farmacológicoRESUMO
Objective@#Assess safety and effectiveness of liraglutide among Filipino participants with type 2 diabetes (T2D) in routine clinical practice.@*Methodology@#A 26-week, prospective, multicenter, open-label, observational study was conducted in adults with T2D prescribed liraglutide (1.2 mg or 1.8 mg) in routine clinical practice in the Philippines. Primary endpoint: incidence rate and type of serious adverse drug reactions (SADRs). Secondary endpoints included other aspects of safety, and effectiveness.@*Results@#Participants (n=1056) had a mean (standard deviation) age of 53.2 (12.0) years, and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level of 8.8% (2.0). Of 19 ADRs reported in 17 participants, none were SADRs (primary endpoint). No serious adverse events were reported. From baseline to week 26: the proportion of participants with major hypoglycemic episodes (requiring assistance) decreased from 2.0% to 0.2%; and with minor episodes (plasma glucose <3.1 mmol/L [<56 mg/dL]) decreased from 6.1% to 1.5%; serum creatinine remained unchanged. Among secondary effectiveness endpoints, improvements were seen from baseline to week 26 in HbA1c level, fasting and postprandial blood glucose levels, body weight, blood pressure, and fasting lipid profile.@*Conclusion@#During routine clinical use of liraglutide for T2D in the Philippines, no new safety concerns were identified and blood glucose was lowered effectively.
Assuntos
Peptídeos Semelhantes ao Glucagon , Liraglutida , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2 , Segurança , Estudo ObservacionalRESUMO
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a progressive disorder caused by a combination of insulin resistance and betacell dysfunction. The role of new hormones and systems in maintaining blood glucose homeostasis has recently been recognized. This recognition has led to the development of several novel classes of medications, including the incretin mimetic agents (glucagon like polypeptide-1 analogs and dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibitors), the amylin analog and the endocannabinoid-1 receptor blocker. This review looks at these new agents in terms of their mode of action, pharmacokinetics and use in clinical practice. The new agents offer treatment options in select adult patients now, however, the efficacy and the safety has to be evaluated thoroughly by long term studies before the application to pediatric patients.
Assuntos
Adulto , Humanos , Glicemia , Diabetes Mellitus , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2 , Dipeptidil Peptidase 4 , Inibidores da Dipeptidil Peptidase IV , Peptídeos Semelhantes ao Glucagon , Homeostase , Incretinas , Resistência à Insulina , Polipeptídeo Amiloide das Ilhotas PancreáticasAssuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Peptídeos , Criança , Peptídeos Semelhantes ao Glucagon , Neurotensina , Alimentos FormuladosRESUMO
Vários estudos têm sido realizados com o objetivo de melhor determinar os múltiplos mecanismos envolvidos no precesso de renovaçäo do epitélio intestinal. Alguns fatores säo conhecidamente participantes deste fenômeno. Entretanto, existem inúmeras pesquisas com resultados contraditórios sobre o assunto, especialmente no que se refere ao cólon. Os autores fazem uma análise comparativa da participaçäo dos principais fatores atuantes no processo da renovaçäo epitelial colônica, associando condiçöes fisiológicas e/ou patológicas. O objetivo é para tentar elucidar algumas dúvidas, entre as inúmeras existentes, para melhor compreensäo de certas entidades mórbidas que, de maneira contumaz, assentam-se no intestino grosso